All Steps are connected by the arrow pathway. When multiple arrows are output from one Step icon (the rounded rectangles), it means that "single selection branch" is in effect and only one of the output paths can be chosen. By placing a [Gateway] (a diamond icon) you can define various Split conditions, such as concurrent processing steps.
1. Drawing a Splitting Structure (Single-path Selection)
- a. Multiple Output Connections
- When there are multiple output options, draw multiple connecting arrows from the Step icon
- b. Placing X Gateway
- Place an [XOR (exclusive) Gateway] (diamond with an X), then connect to the optional pathways
- The route evaluation formula is set for each option, the route will be automatically selected according to business data
- However, in the case of multiple outputs, it is also possible to let the operator select the route (e.g. "Send Back button" and "Approve button")
- The Route evaluation formula of each path is evaluated in the listed order, the first path that is evaluated to be true will be selected
- You can define multiple conditional expressions on a route evaluation formula (e.g. "Approved by the Director" and "Over 500 million JPY Payment")
- Not only single-variable evaluation expressions, but also two-variable comparison expressions can be set as conditional expressions
- Split routes can be merged into one route with [Merge Gateway (XOR)]
R2030: Type of Conditional Expression
BPMN Icons: Exclusive Gateway (XOR)
BPMN Icons: Human Task
2. Drawing a Flow Splitting Structure (Concurrent Parallel Processing)
- a. Placing an [AND Gateway]
- When you want to split into all the pathways, place an [AND Gateway] (diamond with +)
- b. Placing an [OR Gateway]
- When you want to split into all pathways that meet the evaluation formula, place an [OR Gateway] (diamond with a circle)
- The OR gateway distributes to all paths for which the conditional expression is evaluated as true
- If none of the conditional expressions are true, it proceeds to [Default flow] destination
- If you wish to transition in parallel to both the default flow and the flow that met a condition, you need to add another expression that is set the same as the Default flow
- A Merge Gateway is needed at the junction where parallel pathways meet to merge the multiple paths (Parallel Processing)
- Merge Gateway (OR), Merge Gateway (AND)
- If multiple branches that were split with different types of Gateways are merged into one route, use a higher Merge Gateway
- Merge Gateway (XOR) < Merge Gateway (OR) < Merge Gateway (AND)
- It will wait for the arrival of all the parallel processes at the [Join Gateway] (Excluding Abort Tokens)
- It is also possible to connect to [End] events individually without merging diversions
- When a split token arrives at a [Terminate End] event, all other parallel processes will be forcibly ended (M402)
BPMN Icons: Parallel Gateway (AND)
BPMN Icons: InclusiveBPMN Icons Gateway (OR)
BPMN Icons: Exclusive Gateway (XOR)
X. Blog Articles
- Tutorial: Your first step of Questetra BPM Suite / Chpt.4: “Splitting” by Condition
- Tutorial: Understanding How to Use Split Conditions
- blog: I Hate Such a Workflow – Processing Merely in Order!
- blog: New Merge Gateways to Improve the Clarity of Workflow Diagrams (December 2022)
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